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Why Do Leaves Change Colour in Autumn?
Photosynthesis
Leaves are nature's food factories. Plants take water from the ground through their roots. They take a gas called carbon dioxide from the air. Plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose. Oxygen is a gas in the air that we need to breathe. Glucose is a kind of sugar. Plants use glucose as food for energy and as a building block for growing.Autumn Preparations for Winter
As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter. This is how the trees "know" to begin getting ready for winter.During winter, there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis. The trees will rest, and live off the food they stored during the summer. They begin to shut down their food-making factories. The green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves.
As the bright green fades away, we begin to see yellow and orange colors. Small amounts of these colors have been in the leaves all along. We just can't see them in the summer, because they are covered up by the green chlorophyll.
The bright reds and purples we see in leaves are made mostly in the fall. In some trees, like maples, glucose is trapped in the leaves after photosynthesis stops. Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn cause the leaves turn this glucose into a red color.
The brown color of trees like oaks is made from wastes left in the leaves.
It is the combination of all these things that make the beautiful fall foliage colors we enjoy each year.
Plants are busy growing all summer long. But how do they survive the dark, dry days of winter?
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Easy Reading - The Colors of Fall LeavesPlants make their own food. They take water from the ground through their roots. They take a gas called carbon dioxide from the air. They turn water and carbon dioxide into food and oxygen. Oxygen is a gas in the air that we need to breathe.
Plants make their food using sunlight and something called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll gives leaves their green color.
Winter
days are short and dry. Many plants stop making food in the fall. The
chlorophyll goes away. Then we can see orange and yellow colors. These
colors were in the leaves all summer, but the green covered them up.
Some leaves turn red. This color is made in the fall, from food trapped in the leaves.
Brown colors are also made in the fall. They come from wastes left in the leaves.
Copywright:http://www.sciencemadesimple.com/leaves.html
Some leaves turn red. This color is made in the fall, from food trapped in the leaves.
Brown colors are also made in the fall. They come from wastes left in the leaves.
Copywright:http://www.sciencemadesimple.com/leaves.html
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